Orthogonality derivation of polarization state based on Poincaré sphere

To make full use of the polarization information electromagnetic waves for polarimetric sensor array, we derive orthogonality expression state based on Poincaré sphere (PS) representation. The ellipticity angle and orientation ellipse are used to describe point surface sphere. derivation shows that two points characterize a pair orthogonal states distributed in opposite positions. Compared with conventional linear circular state, flexible elliptical would result maximum separation co-polarization cross-polarization components, thereby enhancing accuracy measurement. simulation displays correctness theoretical derivation, which could provide basis further configuration.